Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas no muab piv rau C26000 (ASTM Cartridge Brass) thiab H68 (Suav Standard Brass), ob qho tib si siv ntau tshaj ib zaug -theem tooj dag alloys thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si alloys sib piv cov tooj liab-zinc compositions thiab ib zaug-theem microstructures, lawv qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv chemistry thiab cov qauv ua haujlwm tsim cov yam ntxwv sib txawv uas cuam tshuam rau lawv qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
C26000, nrog nws 70% tooj liab cov ntsiab lus, sawv cev rau sab hnub poob tus qauv rau siab - kev siv tooj dag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab formability tseem ceeb heev. H68, muaj 68% tooj liab, tau dhau los ua cov qib tooj dag siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb thiab nce hauv kev lag luam Esxias, muab cov yas zoo heev ua ke nrog cov nqi- ua tau zoo.
Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov alloys no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov engineers, procurement specialists, thiab manufacturers ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv niaj hnub no interconnected ntiaj teb no mov chains, qhov twg cov khoom xaiv cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si kev ua tau zoo thiab nyiaj txiag tshwm sim.
Chemical Composition thiab Metallurgy
Kev tshuaj xyuas kom ntxaws
| Element | C26000 (ASTM B36) | H68 (GB/T 5231) | Qhov cuam tshuam sib txawv |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copper (Cu) | 68.5 – 71.5% | 67.0 – 70.0% | C26000: +1.5% nruab nrab |
| Zinc (Zn) | Qhov nyiaj tshuav (28.5-31.5%) | Qhov nyiaj tshuav (30.0-33.0%) | H68: +1.5% nruab nrab |
| Lead (Pb) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.07% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.05% | H68: Kev tswj nruj dua |
| Hlau (Fe) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.05% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.10% | H68: Ntau qhov tso cai |
| Aluminium (Al) | – | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.002% | H68: Cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb |
| Tin (Sn) | – | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.002% | H68: Kev tswj xyuas tshwj xeeb |
| Antimony (Sb) | – | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.005% | H68: Kev tswj cov kab ke |
| Arsenic (As) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.02% | – | C26000: Dezincification tswj |
| Phosphorus (P) | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.02% | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.002% | H68: Kev txwv nruj dua |
| Silicon (Si) | – | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.007% | H68: Txheej txheem tswj |
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Microstructural
| Khoom | C26000 | H68 | Qhov tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phase Structure | Ib zaug -phase | Ib zaug -phase | Ob qho tib si zoo heev formability |
| Grain Loj (ASTM) | 5-7 | 4-6 | H68: Me ntsis hmoov nplej |
| Zinc sib npaug | 30.5% | 31.5% | H68: Siab sib npaug |
| Phase Stability | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | Ob leeg ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub |
| Recrystalization Temp | 300-400 degree | 310-420 degree | Zoo sib xws qhov rais |
Compositional cuam tshuam rau cov khoom
C26000 Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws los ntawm Cov Hlau Ntau Lawm:
Txhim kho hluav taws xob conductivity (28% IACS vs 26% IACS)
Superior corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv atmospheric tej yam kev mob
Cov thermal conductivity zoo dua rau kev siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv
Txhim kho brazing thiab vuam yam ntxwv
Txhim kho ductility rau kev ua haujlwm loj heev
H68 Qhov zoo los ntawm Optimized Composition:
Txhim kho lub zog - rau - tus nqi piv
Zoo dua seem stability thaum ua
Txhim kho machinability vim refined microstructure
Optimized kub ua hauj lwm yam ntxwv
Txo cov nqi khoom siv thaum tswj kev ua haujlwm
Mechanical Properties Comprehensive Analysis
Tensile Properties Sib piv
| Qhov xwm txheej | Khoom | C26000 | H68 | Chav tsev | Kev ua tau zoo sib txawv |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed (O) | Tensile zog | 300-380 | 295-375 | MPa | C26000: +5 MPa nruab nrab |
| Lub zog muaj zog (0.2%) | 75-140 | 80-145 | MPa | H68: +5 MPa nruab nrab | |
| Elongation | 60-68 | 65-70 | % | H68: +3% nruab nrab | |
| Hardness (HV) | 60-85 | 55-80 | HV | C26000: +5 HV nruab nrab | |
| Ib nrab Hard (H02) | Tensile zog | 370-450 | 365-445 | MPa | Sib piv |
| Yield zog | 170-275 | 175-280 | MPa | H68: +5 MPa nruab nrab | |
| Elongation | 25-35 | 28-38 | % | H68: +3% nruab nrab | |
| Hnyav (H04) | Tensile zog | 410-540 | 405-535 | MPa | Sib piv |
| Yield zog | 275-380 | 280-385 | MPa | H68: +5 MPa nruab nrab | |
| Elongation | 15-25 | 18-28 | % | H68: +3% nruab nrab |
Fatigue thiab Endurance Properties
| Kev kuaj mob | C26000 | H68 | Chav tsev | Daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siab Cycle Fatigue (10^7) | 140-160 | 145-165 | MPa | H68: Kev siv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoo dua |
| Tsawg Cycle Fatigue (10^4) | 280-320 | 285-325 | MPa | Kev ua tau zoo sib xws |
| Rotating dabtsi yog khoov | 120-140 | 125-145 | MPa | H68: me ntsis kom zoo dua |
| Axial qaug zog | 100-120 | 105-125 | MPa | H68: Zoo dua rau cov pas nrig / tuav |
| Corrosion qaug zog | 80-100 | 75-95 | MPa | C26000: Zoo dua nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive |
Qhov kub thiab txias -Dependent Mechanical Properties
| Kub | Khoom | C26000 | H68 | Cov Lus Qhia Ua Haujlwm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -40 degree | Tensile zog | 420 MPa rau | 415 MPa rau | Ob leeg tuav ductility |
| Impact Resistance | Siab | Siab | Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hloov | |
| 20 degree | Tensile zog | 340 MPa rau | 335 MPa rau | Cov xwm txheej siv |
| Modulus | 110 GPa | 108 GPa | Zoo sib xws nruj | |
| 100 degree | Tensile zog | 315 MPa rau | 310 MPa | Maj mam txo |
| Creep Resistance | Zoo | Zoo | Haum rau nruab nrab temp | |
| 200 degree | Tensile zog | 280 MPa | 275 MPa rau | Txwv tsis pub siv |
| Oxidation | Nruab nrab | Nruab nrab | Kev tiv thaiv huab cua pom zoo | |
| 300 degree | Tensile zog | 245 MPa rau | 240 MPa | luv- lub sij hawm nthuav tawm nkaus xwb |
Kev tsim thiab kev tsim khoom yam ntxwv
Kev ua haujlwm txias txias
| Kev Ua Haujlwm | Kev ntsuas C26000 | H68 Rating | Kwv tij kev ua tau zoo | Cov ntawv thov pom zoo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daim duab sib sib zog nqus | Zoo heev (5/5) | Zoo heev (5/5) | C26000: +5% qhov tob tob | Cartridge rooj, khob |
| Khiav | Zoo heev (5/5) | Zoo heev (4.8/5) | C26000: Cov phab ntsa zoo dua | Kho kom zoo nkauj Cheebtsam |
| Khoov | Zoo heev (5/5) | Zoo heev (5/5) | Kev ua tau zoo sib npaug | Architectural kho vajtse |
| Stretch forming | Zoo heev (5/5) | Zoo heev (4.5/5) | C26000: Zoo dua cov nkhaus nkhaus | Automotive panels |
| Txias taub hau | Zoo heev (4/5) | Zoo heev (5/5) | H68: Ua kom zoo dua saum npoo | Fasteners, rivets |
| Npib | Zoo (3.5/5) | Zoo heev (4/5) | H68: Cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav zoo dua | Precision qhov chaw |
| Yob txoj kev | Zoo heev (5/5) | Zoo heev (5/5) | Kev ua tau zoo sib npaug | Cov ntu txuas ntxiv |
Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm kub
| Txheej Txheem Parameter | C26000 | H68 | Optimal Range | Cov txheej txheem sau tseg |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kub ua haujlwm kub | 600-800 degree | 650-820 degree | 650-800 degree | H68: Qhov rai dav |
| Forging Kub | 650-750 degree | 670-780 degree | 670-750 degree | Zoo sib xws ntau yam |
| Rolling Kub | 600-750 degree | 620-770 degree | 620-750 degree | H68: Kev zam txim ntau dua |
| Extrusion kub | 650-800 degree | 670-820 degree | 670-800 degree | Ob leeg zoo heev |
| Kub sib sau tus nqi | Nruab nrab | Nruab nrab- nrawm | Hloov pauv | H68: Tus nqi nrawm dua tuaj yeem ua tau |
| Kev Tswj Kev Loj Hlob | Zoo | Zoo heev | Tseem ceeb | H68: Kev tswj kom zoo dua |
Kev soj ntsuam machinability
| Machining kev ua haujlwm | C26000 kev ua haujlwm | H68 Kev ua haujlwm | Txiav Parameters | Tool Lub Neej Sib Piv |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tig | Zoo (3.5/5) | Zoo heev (4/5) | Ceev: 150-300m / min | H68: 15% lub neej ntev |
| Drilling | Zoo (3.5/5) | Zoo heev (4/5) | Ceev: 80-150m / min | H68: 20% lub neej ntev |
| Milling | Zoo (3/5) | Zoo (3.5/5) | Ceev: 100-200m / min | H68: 10% lub neej ntev |
| Xov | Ncaj ncees (2.5/5) | Zoo (3.5/5) | Ceev: 60-120m / min | H68: 25% lub neej ntev |
| Nto tiav | 1.6-3.2 hli | 1.2-2.5 hli | – | H68: Kev ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws |
| Chip Tsim | Ntev, hlua | luv dua, zoo dua | – | H68: yooj yim tuav |
Lub cev thiab Thermal Properties
Yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev
| Khoom | C26000 | H68 | Chav tsev | Daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qhov ntom | 8.53 | 8.50 | g/cm³ | Kev xam qhov hnyav |
| Melting Point | 915-940 | 905-930 | degree | Ua haujlwm kub |
| Liquidus | 940 | 930 | degree | Casting parameters |
| Solidus | 915 | 905 | degree | Kev kho cua sov |
| Tshwj xeeb kub | 0.38 | 0.38 | J/g·K | Kev ntsuas kub |
| Thermal Expansion | 20.5×10⁻⁶ | 20.8×10⁻⁶ | /K | Dimensional stability |
| Sib nqus Permeability | 1.0 | 1.0 | μ/μ₀ | Tsis yog -magnetic applications |
Hluav taws xob thiab Thermal conductivity
| Qhov xwm txheej | Khoom | C26000 | H68 | Chav tsev | Kev ua tau zoo sib txawv |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | Hluav taws xob conductivity | 28% IAB | 26% IAB | % | C26000: +7% zoo dua |
| Thermal conductivity | 120 | 109 | W/m·K | C26000: +10% zoo dua | |
| Kev tiv thaiv | 6.2×10⁻⁸ | 6.6×10⁻⁸ | Ω·m | C26000: Kev tiv thaiv qis | |
| Txias ua haujlwm | Hluav taws xob conductivity | 25% IAB | 23% IAB | % | C26000: +8% zoo dua |
| Thermal conductivity | 108 | 98 | W/m·K | C26000: +10% zoo dua |
Kev kho cua sov teb
| Kev kho mob | C26000 Teb | H68 Teb | Yam Parameters | Microstructural Hloov |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kev ntxhov siab | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | 250-300 degree, 1-2h | Residual stress txo |
| Ib nrab Anneal | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | 350-450 degree, 1h | Ib nrab recrystallization |
| Tag Nrho Anneal | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | 450-650 degree, 2h | Ua kom tiav recrystallization |
| Nplej Size Control | Zoo | Zoo heev | Tswj cua txias | H68: Zoo sib xws |
| Dej nag | Tsis siv tau | Tsis siv tau | – | Tib -theem alloys |
Corrosion Resistance thiab Environmental Performance
Atmospheric Corrosion Performance
| Ib puag ncig hom | C26000 kev ua haujlwm | H68 Kev ua haujlwm | Corrosion Rate (μm / xyoo) | Kev kwv yees lub neej |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nyob deb nroog | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | C26000: 1-2, H68: 2-3 | C26000: >50 xyoo |
| Nroog Atmosphere | Zoo heev | Zoo | C26000: 2-5, H68: 4-7 | C26000: 30-50 xyoo |
| Industrial Atmosphere | Zoo | Ncaj ncees-Zoo | C26000: 5-10, H68: 8-15 | C26000: 20-30 xyoo |
| Marine Atmosphere | Zoo heev | Zoo | C26000: 8-15, H68: 12-20 | C26000: 15-25 xyoo |
| Ntug Hiav Txwv | Zoo | Ncaj ncees | C26000: 15-25, H68: 20-30 | C26000: 10-15 xyoo |
Aqueous Corrosion Resistance
| Hom dej | Kev ntsuas C26000 | H68 Rating | Corrosion Mechanism | Cov ntawv thov pom zoo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dej Distilled | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | Tsawg kawg nkaus | Cov cuab yeej kuaj |
| Cov dej khov (ntsuab) | Zoo heev | Zoo heev | Uniform corrosion | Cov kav dej fittings |
| Cov dej khov (Hard) | Zoo heev | Zoo | Scale tsim | Cov ntsuas dej |
| Dej hiav txwv | Zoo | Ncaj ncees-Zoo | Uniform + pitting | Marine kho vajtse |
| Cov dej khov | Zoo | Ncaj ncees | Xaiv kev tawm tsam | Kev siv ntug hiav txwv |
| Cov dej acidic (pH 4-6) | Ncaj ncees | Ncaj ncees | Accelerated uniform | Txwv tsis pub raug |
Dezincification Susceptibility
| Txoj Kev Xeem | C26000 Cov txiaj ntsig | H68 Result | Txhais lus | Daim ntawv qhia kev thov |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM B858 Txoj Kev A | Hom 1 (zoo heev) | Hom 2 (zoo) | Txheej txheej<200μm | C26000: Kev siv tsis txwv |
| ISO 6509-1 (24h, 75 degree) | Txheej<100μm | Txheej 100-200μm | Kev ua tau zoo | Ob leeg haum nrog kev txwv |
| Ceev (80 degree, 168h) | Kev nkag mus tsawg kawg nkaus | Nruab nrab nkag | txheeb ze kev ua tau zoo | H68: Tswj tej yam kev mob |
| Field Exposure (5 xyoos) | Nto xwb | Subsurface<0.5mm | Tiag -world validation | C26000: Superior long-term |
Peb cov khoom lag luam
1. Ntshiab tooj liab (daim ntawv, raj, hlau)
Cov Qib Siab: T1 (C11000), T2 (C10100). Peb muab qhov tseem ceeb C11000 (T1) rau nws cov conductivity zoo heev.
Qauv:ASTM B152 (Daim ntawv), ASTM B75 / B88 (Tube), ASTM B1 / B3 (Wire), EN, JIS, GB / T.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg:
Tube:OD 6mm-200mm.
Daim ntawv:Thickness ntawm 0.5mm-50mm.
Hlau:Txoj kab uas hla 1.0mm - 10mm.
2. Phosphorus Deoxidized Copper (Tube, Ntawv)
Cov Qib Siab:TP 1 (C12000 / CW023A), TP2 (C12200). Zoo tagnrho rau vuam thiab kav dej.
Qauv:ASTM B188, ASTM B75 / B88, EN 12451, JIS H3300.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg:
Tube:OD 8mm-150mm.
Daim ntawv:Thickness 1.0mm-30mm.
3. Brass (Strip & Coil)
Cov Qib Siab:H96, H68, H62 (CuZn37 / C28000). Peb pom zoo kom H62 rau nws zoo heev tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm lub zog thiab machinability.
Qauv:ASTM B36, ASTM B134, EN 1652, JIS H3100.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg:
Sawb / Coil:Thickness 0.1mm - 3.0mm, Dav mus txog 600mm.
Tau txais daim ntawv teev cov khoom tiav
Peb lub Hoobkas
Peb qhov chaw yog nruab nrog kev lag luam- ua ntej nruam nruam casting thiab dov ntau lawm kab, precision dov mills, multi-pass drawing units, thiab automated forming khoom, enabling npaum thiab ruaj khov transformation ntawm tooj liab rods rau cov khoom tiav. Peb cov tshuab tseem ceeb tso cai rau peb hloov pauv ntau yam ntawm cov qib- suav nrog cov tooj liab ntshiab (xws li C11000 / T1), phosphorus deoxidized tooj liab (xws li, C12200 / TP2), thiab tooj dag (xws li H62)- nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv, cov hlua, cov hlua, thiab lwm yam. Peb kuj muab cov kev pabcuam ua haujlwm xws li txiav, slitting, thiab precision tiav.
