Copper Nickel CuNi Alloy yog dab tsi?
Tooj liab Nickel CuNi alloysyog cov alloys ntawm tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee qhov twg zinc cov ntsiab lus tsis ntau tshaj 1%.Nickel muaj cov ntsiab lus loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus kheej tom qab tooj liab thaum muaj lwm cov ntsiab lus.GNEEkhoom siv tooj liab Nickel alloys hauv ntau hom suav nrogphaj, ntawv, seamless raj, welded raj, seamless yeeb nkab, welded yeeb nkab, round bar, flanges, thiab taub qab -welded fittings.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Copper Nickel alloys muaj xws li:
Kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau dej hiav txwv, dej brine, organic compounds, ntsev, thiab diluted tsis yog -oxidizing acids
Lub zog kub zoo nrog tsuas yog me me nickel ntxiv
Txhim kho cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm chav tsev thiab siab kub nrog cov hlau ntxiv
Superior tiv thaiv corrosion corrosion nyob rau hauv ntws seawater
Cov alloys no tau siv dav hauvdesalination nroj tsuag thiab seawater piping systems.
CuNi 90/10 thiab CuNi 70/30 Product Forms
| Daim ntawv khoom | CuNi 90/10 (C70600/C70620/C7060X) | CuNi 70/30 (C71500/C71520/C71640) |
|---|---|---|
| Phaj / Ntawv | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Seamless Tube | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Welded Tube | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Seamless Yeeb Nkab | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Welded yeeb nkab | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Round Bar | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| Flanges | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
| BW Fittings | Yog lawm | Yog lawm |
Specifications thiab Properties ntawm C70600 Seamless Tube
| Lub npe lag luam | UNS | Kev lag luam Specifications | Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg | Tensile (KSI) min | Yield (KSI) min | Elongation% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lub 90/10 | C70600 / C70620 | ASME SB111, SB171, SB359, SB395, SB466, SB467, SB543 / ASTM B111, B122, B151, B171, B359, B395, B432, B466, B467, B5808IL, C-15726, T-15005, T-16420, T-22214 / SAE J461, J463 | Cu 88.6% min / Pb 0.05% max / Fe 1.8% max / Zn 1% max / Ni 9-11% / Mn 1.0% max | 38 | 15 | 30 |
| Lub 90/10 | C7060X | EEMUA 144 90/10, 145 90/10, 14 90/1 | Cu seem / Pb 0.01% max / Fe 1.5-2.0% / Zn 0.2% max / P 0.2% max / S 0.2% max / Ni 10-11% / Mn 0.5-1.0% | 40 | 15 | 30 |
Specifications thiab Properties ntawm C71500 Welded yeeb nkab
| Lub npe lag luam | UNS | Kev lag luam Specifications | Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg | Tensile (KSI) min | Yield (KSI) min | Elongation% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sib 70/30 | C71500 / C71520 | ASME SB111, SB171, SB359, SB395, SB466, SB467, SB543 / ASTM B111, B122, B151, B171, B359, B395, B432, B467, B543, B584, B543, B584 2.0882 / MIL C-15726, T-15005, T-16420, T-22214 / SAE J461, J463 | Cu 65.0% min / Pb 0.05% max / Fe 0.4-1.0% / Zn 1% max / Ni 29-33% / Mn 1% max | 52 | 18 | 45 |
| Sib 70/30 | C71640 | ASTM B111, B543, B552 | Cu seem / Pb 0.05% max / Fe 1.7-2.3% / Zn 1% max / Ni 29-32% / Mn 1.5-2.5% | 63 | 25 | -- |
Daim ntawv thov rau welding:Thaum cov khoom siv rau vuam tom ntej thiab teev los ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, Zn yuav tsum yog 0.50% max, Pb 0.02% max, P 0.02% max, Sulfur 0.02% max, thiab Carbon 0.05% max.
Corrosion Resistance ntawm CuNi 90/10 Condenser Tube
| Alloy | Corrosion Resistance yam ntxwv |
|---|---|
| CuNi 90/10 (C70600 & C7060X) | Tooj liab nickel hlau alloy nrog me me manganese cov ntsiab lus. Muabzoo heev tiv taus hiav txwv thiab dej brackish. Tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ruaj khov hauv dej hiav txwv. |
| CuNi 70/30 (C71500) | Qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj ntawm tag nrho cov lag luam tooj liab alloys nyob rau hauv watery ib puag ncig.Resistant rau acid daws. Highly resistant rau kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking thiab impingement corrosion. Muab lub zog ntau dua ntawm kev kub siab dua. |
Kub Resistance ntawm CuNi 70/30 Kub Exchanger Tube
| Alloy | Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm kub |
|---|---|
| CuNi 90/10 (CuNi10Fe1Mn) | Mus txog300℃(572℃F)rau kev tsim cov hlab ntsha siab |
| CuNi 70/30 (CuNi30Mn1Fe) | Mus txog350℃(662℃F) |
Tseem ceeb:Tshaj qhov ntsuas kub no, lub zog poob qis heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog creep zog thiab creep strain txwv.
Kev kho cua sov ntawm C70600 U- Khoov Tube
| Hom Kev Kho Mob | Qhov kub thiab txias | Lub hom phiaj |
|---|---|---|
| Recrystallisation Annealing | 620℃rau 900℃(1148℃F txog 1652℃F) | Softens txias- cov khoom ua haujlwm. Kub kub=lub sij hawm luv luv (nruam annealing). Tsawg kub=ntev lub sij hawm (static annealing). |
| Kev ntxhov siab -Nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab | 280℃rau 500℃(536℃F txog 932℃F) | Relieves internal stresses tsis hloov txhua yam khoom |
| Atmosphere pom zoo | Tsis suav nrog huab cua lossis txo qhov cua me ntsis | Tsis txhob oxidation thiab tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau pickling tom qab annealing |
Daim ntawv thov ntawm C71640 Coiled Tubing
| Kev lag luam | Cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb |
|---|---|
| Desalination | Evaporator tubes, cua kub exchanger raj, brine piping, flash chambers |
| Seawater Piping Systems | Cov kav dej txias, cov dej tua hluav taws, cov kab hluav taws xob, cov kab dej huv huv |
FAQ
1. Qhov txawv ntawm C70600 thiab C71500 yog dab tsi?
C71500 muaj 30% npib tsib xee thiab muaj zog dua, thaum C70600 muaj 10% npib tsib xee thiab pheej yig dua.C70600 (90/10) muaj 90% tooj liab thiab 10% npib tsib xee nrog 1.8% max hlau. Tensile zog yog 38 KSI yam tsawg kawg nkaus. C71500 (70/30) muaj 70% tooj liab thiab 30% npib tsib xee nrog 0.4-1.0% hlau. Tensile zog yog 52 KSI yam tsawg kawg nkaus. C71500 muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua hauv cov dej hiav txwv hnyav thiab muaj peev xwm siab dua, tab sis C70600 yooj yim rau kev tsim thiab kev lag luam ntau dua.
2. Dab tsi yog qhov sib npaug rau C70600?
C70600 sib npaug suav nrog ASTM B466, ASME SB466, DIN 2.0872, thiab MIL-T-16420K.Lwm qhov sib npaug yog ASME SB111, ASTM B111, ASME SB171, ASTM B171, ASME SB359, ASTM B359, ASME SB395, ASTM B395, ASME SB467, ASTM B467, ASME SB2543, MSM5543 T-15005, MIL T-22214, SAE J461, thiab SAE J463. Qhov sib npaug European yog EN CW352H (CuNi10Fe1Mn). Qhov sib npaug ntawm British yog BS CN102. Qhov sib npaug German yog DIN 2.0872.
3. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub rau C70600 yog dab tsi?
C70600 tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua mus txog 300℃(572℃F) rau kev siv lub nkoj siab.Tshaj qhov kub no, lub zog poob qis heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog creep zog thiab creep strain txwv. Rau cov ntawv thov siab tshaj 300 degree, C71500 (70/30) tau pom zoo nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub ntawm 350℃(662℃F).
4. Cov ntsiab lus hlau cuam tshuam li cas C70600 corrosion kuj?
Hlau ntxiv ntawm 1.0-1.8% ho txhim khu kev tiv thaiv corrosion corrosion nyob rau hauv ntws seawater.Cov ntsiab lus hlau txhawb kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ruaj khov, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub raj nto. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov dej ntws, xuab zeb, thiab cov av xuab zeb. Yog tias tsis muaj hlau txaus (tsawg kawg 1.0%), C70600 yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam sai corrosion nyob rau hauv siab -ceev seawater.
5. Cov kev txwv vuam siv li cas rau C70620 thiab C71520?
C70620 thiab C71520 yog tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom uas yuav tom qab welded.Rau kev siv vuam, Zn yuav tsum yog 0.50% max, Pb 0.02% max, P 0.02% max, Sulfur 0.02% max, thiab Carbon 0.05% max. Cov kev txwv qis qis no tiv thaiv kub tawg thiab porosity thaum vuam. Tus qauv C70600 thiab C71500 yam tsis muaj kev txwv no tseem tuaj yeem txuas tau, tab sis C70620 / C71520 yog qhov nyiam rau kev sib dhos tseem ceeb.
6. Puas yog C70600 haum rau cov dej khib nyiab?
Yog lawm, C70600 muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau ob lub hiav txwv thiab dej brackish.Cov dej khib nyiab (kev sib xyaw ntawm cov dej tshiab thiab cov dej hiav txwv) feem ntau yog corrosive dua li cov dej hiav txwv ntshiab vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm salinity, yaj oxygen, thiab cov ntsiab lus sediment. C70600's tiv thaiv zaj duab xis tseem nyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv brackish tej yam kev mob, ua rau nws tus qauv xaiv rau estuarine noj kab, cua txias systems, thiab ballast dej kho.
7. Kev kho cua sov dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua tom qab ua haujlwm txias C70600?
Recrystallisation annealing ntawm 620-900℃(1148-1652℃F) yog xav tau tom qab ua haujlwm txias txias.Qhov ntsuas kub npaum li cas nyob ntawm qhov ua haujlwm txias, cov ntsiab lus nickel, thiab cov ntsiab lus alloying ntxiv. Kub kub (850-900 degree) nrog lub sij hawm luv luv (nruam annealing) lossis qis kub (620-700 degree) nrog lub sij hawm ntev (static annealing) ob qho tib si ua tiav softening. Kev ntxhov siab-relief annealing (280-500 degree) yog txaus rau kev ua haujlwm txias me me.
8. Vim li cas thiaj siv C70600 hloov cov hlau tsis huv rau cov dej hiav txwv?
C70600 resists crevice corrosion thiab biofouling zoo dua stainless hlau hauv dej hiav txwv.Stainless hlau (304/316) raug kev txom nyem los ntawm crevice corrosion nyob rau hauv gaskets, deposits, thiab marine kev loj hlob. C70600 tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv tus kheej - kho thiab tso tawm tooj liab ions uas tiv thaiv biofouling. C70600 kuj tseem muaj cov thermal conductivity zoo dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel rau kev siv hluav taws xob sib hloov.
9. Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm seamless thiab welded C70600 raj?
Seamless raj yog extruded thiab kos los ntawm cov khoom billet uas tsis muaj weld seam. Welded raj yog tsim los ntawm sawb thiab welded longitudinally.Seamless raj tsis muaj cov kab vuam, ua rau nws nyiam rau siab -siab, tseem ceeb, lossis ASME code daim ntawv thov. Welded raj yog kev lag luam ntau dua thiab tsim nyog rau cov kav dej hiav txwv dav dav. Ob daim ntawv ua tau raws li ASTM B466 / B467 specifications nrog sib npaug corrosion kuj.
10. Puas yog C70600 raug kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg?
C70600 yog qhov ua tau zoo heev rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg, tsis zoo li austenitic stainless hlau.C70600 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau SCC hauv chloride (seawater) ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam rau hauv ammonia- thaj chaw nplua nuj lossis thaum raug sulfide muaj kuab paug. Rau cov kev pabcuam loj ammonia lossis sulfide, lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam.
11. GNEE muab ntau npaum li cas thiab daim ntawv rau C70600 thiab C71500?
GNEE khoom siv C70600 thiab C71500 hauv phaj, ntawv, seamless raj, welded raj, seamless yeeb nkab, welded yeeb nkab, round bar, flanges, thiab taub qab -weld fittings.Tube thiab yeeb nkab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 6mm mus rau 300mm OD nrog phab ntsa thickness ntawm 0.5mm mus rau 10mm. Flanges muaj nyob rau hauv txhua chav kawm siab. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab U- khoov raj tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li qhov kev thov. Yam tsawg kawg nkaus kom muaj nuj nqis yog 1 tuj ib qhov loj.
Kev Ntsuas Zoo rau CuNi 90/10 Nickel Pipe
| Hom kev xeem | Txheem / Txoj Kev | Kev lees txais |
|---|---|---|
| Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas | Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) lossis ICP | Txheeb xyuas Cu (88.6% min rau C70600, 65% min rau C71500), Ni (9-11% lossis 29-33%), Fe (1.8% max lossis 0.4-1.0%), Mn (1.0% max) |
| Kev Ntsuas Tensile | ASTM E8/E8M | C70600: 38 KSI min tensile, 15 KSI min tawm los, 30% elongation. C71500: 52 KSI min tensile, 18 KSI min tawm los, 45% elongation |
| Kev Xeem Hardness | Rockwell B los yog Vickers | Txheeb xyuas kom zoo (mos annealed O60: 45 HRB max rau C70600) |
| Flattening Test | ASTM B466 | Sib tsoo lub raj ntawm cov phaj tiaj. Tsis muaj kab nrib pleb lossis qhov tsis xws luag pom |
| Expansion Test | ASTM B466 | Nthuav lub raj nrog tapered mandrel rau qhov feem pua. Tsis muaj kev sib cais |
| Eddy Kev Xeem Tam Sim No | ASTM E 243 | Tshawb xyuas qhov chaw thiab ze rau - qhov chaw flaws. 100% ntawm cov hlab |
| Kev Ntsuas Hydrostatic | Kev ntsuas siab | Tuav qhov ntsuas siab yam tsis muaj qhov xau . 100% ntawm cov raj |
| Rov qab Flattening Test | ASTM B466 | Flatten, txiav longitudinally, qhib. Tsis muaj pov thawj ntawm lamination los yog tsis xws luag |
| Grain Size Test | ASTM E112 | Txheeb xyuas qhov nruab nrab cov qoob loo raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua |
| Intergranular Corrosion Test | ASTM G28 (raws li muaj) | Txheeb xyuas qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm kev tawm tsam grain ciam teb |
| Dimensional soj ntsuam | Micrometer, caliper, go/no{0}}go gauges | Txheeb xyuas OD, ID, phab ntsa thickness, ntev, ncaj, qhov kawg |
| Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag | Qhov muag liab qab thiab borescope | Tshawb xyuas qhov kawg, khawb, dents, burrs, thiab tag nrho cov tsos |
Ntim rau CuNi 70/30 Ncaj Yeeb Nkab
| Ntim Cov Khoom | Khoom siv / Specification | Kev tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi |
|---|---|---|
| Xaus tiv thaiv | High-density polyethylene (HDPE) xov-rau lossis thawb- ntawm lub kaus mom | Seals tube xaus tiv thaiv ya raws, av, kab, thiab khib nyiab thaum khaws cia thiab thauj mus los |
| Daim ntawv Interlayer | Neutral pH kraft ntawv lossis VCI (Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor) ntawv | Tiv thaiv cov hlau ncaj nraim - mus rau -hlau kov, absorbs noo noo, inhibits corrosion |
| Sab hauv | 0.10-0.15mm LLDPE (Linear Low-Density Polyethylene) zaj duab xis | Muab cov dej noo thaiv thiab tiv thaiv plua plav |
| Bundling Straps | Galvanized steel los yog PET (polyester) pluaj, 13-16mm dav | Khaws cov hlab rau hauv cov khoom ruaj khov . 3-4 cov hlua ib pob 6-meter |
| Ntug tiv thaiv | Cardboard los yog recycled yas ces kaum kaum | Tiv thaiv txoj hlua txiav thiab ntug kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab |
| Sab nrauv qhwv | Woven polypropylene npuag (PP) los yog geotextile | Abrasion kuj, tsim kua muag, tiv thaiv UV rau sab nraum zoov cia |
| Desiccant Packs | Silica gel los yog av nplaum, 5-50g ib pob | Absorbs residual noo noo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub qhwv |
| Pallet Base | ISPM-15 tau ntawv pov thawj thaum tshav kub kub kho plywood lossis khoom ntoo, 4-txoj kev nkag | Forklift nkag, av clearance (tsawg kawg 100mm), export ua raws |
| Pallet Banding | 32mm x 0.8mm steel banding (2 ntsug, 2 kab rov tav) | Kev ruaj ntseg ua tiav pallet sib dhos rau nqa thiab thauj |
| Shipping Label | Huab cua- nplaum nplaum nplaum nrog barcode | Qhia qib (C70600/C71500), qhov loj, qhov kub thiab txias, kom muaj nuj nqis, net/tag nrho qhov hnyav, lo lus uas peb |
| Ntim Ntim | Dunnage hnab (cua hauv ncoo), ntoo bracing, los yog ua npuas ncauj blocks | Tiv thaiv kev thauj khoom txav hauv 20ft, 40ft, lossis 40ft siab lub thawv ntim |
Factory Khoom siv rau CuNi Alloy Tube
| Chaw ua haujlwm | Hom khoom siv | Technical Specifications | Lub luag haujlwm ntau lawm |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melting | Nruab nrab -Frequency Induction Rauv | 3-tuj muaj peev xwm, 1500 kW zog, max kub 1600 degree | Melts tooj liab cathode (99.9% purity) nrog npib tsib xee (99.5% purity) thiab hlau / manganese ntxiv |
| Casting | Kab rov tav nruam Casting tshuab | 6-strand, billet txoj kab uas hla 90-180mm, casting ceev 3-8 m / min | Ua homogeneous tube billets nrog tsawg porosity |
| Extrusion | Hydraulic Extrusion Xovxwm | 3150-tuj quab yuam, thawv inch 250mm, max extrusion ratio 50: 1 | Pierces khoom billet thiab cov ntaub ntawv hollow raj plhaub ntawm 850-1000 degree |
| Kev npaj nto | Sab Nraud/Inside Turning Machine | OD tig qhov tseeb ± 1mm, ID tho txawv qhov tseeb ± 1mm | Tshem tawm oxidation thiab tsis xws luag los ntawm extruded raj plhaub |
| Txias Pilgering | 2-High Cold Pilger Mill | Yob txoj kab uas hla 350mm, max dov ceev 120 strokes / min, txo piv txog li 80% | Txo OD thiab phab ntsa tuab zuj zus nrog kev ua haujlwm siab |
| Annealing (Intermediate) | Tswb-Hom Annealing Rauv | Hydrogen los yog dissociated ammonia cua, max kub 900 degree, muaj peev xwm 10 tons | Softens cov khoom tom qab ua haujlwm txias rau kev kos duab ntxiv (620-900℃ntau) |
| Kev kos duab | Chain-Hom Draw Bench | 40-tuj rub quab yuam, max raj ntev 18m, nqus nrawm 10-25m / min | Ua tiav qhov kawg OD, ID, thiab phab ntsa thickness kam rau ua (feem kaum ntawm mm) |
| Annealing (Thaum kawg) | Bright Annealing Rauv | Tswj hydrogen cua, dew point -60 degree, annealing kub 650-750 degree | Ua kom huv, oxide-dawb ci tiav (mos annealed temper O60) |
| Ncaj ncaj | 6-Yob Rotary Straightener | Yob kev npaj 2-2-2, max raj OD 100mm, straightening ceev 20-60 m / min | Kho khoov mus rau qhov ncaj kam rau siab 0.5mm ib 'meter' |
| Txiav | Tsis Siv Neeg Tube Pom | Carbide-tipped ncig hniav, txiav kam rau ua ± 1.0mm, burr-dawb | Txiav cov hlab rau ib qho random (5-7m) lossis ob chav random (9-13m) ntev |
| Xaus Xaus | Deburring thiab Chamfering Tshuab | Conical txhuam rau ID, abrasive siv rau OD, bevel kaum sab xis 30-35 degree | Tshem tawm burrs thiab npaj beveled xaus rau vuam (dawb los yog beveled xaus) |
| Ntxuav | Ultrasonic Tu Kab | Multi-theem dip tanks nrog alkaline thiab acid daws, kub yaug | Tshem tawm cov roj nplua nyeem, roj, thiab cov kab mob ntawm qhov chaw |
| Kev tshuaj xyuas | Eddy Current Testing (ECT) Unit | Frequency range 10 kHz to 2 MHz, detects flaws >0.1mm tob | 100% tsis yog-kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm txhua lub raj ntev |
| Kev Ntsuas Siab | Hydrostatic Tester | Max ntsuas siab 10,000 psi (690 bar), tsis siv neeg siab tuav | 100% xau kuaj ntawm txhua lub raj ntev |
| Strapping | Tsis Siv Neeg Tube Strapping Kab | Pneumatic pluaj tensioner, 13mm steel los yog PET pluaj | Siv 3-4 qhov sib npaug ntawm cov hlua khi rau 6-meter pob |
| Qhov hnyav | Platform Scale | Muaj peev xwm 3,000 kg, raug ± 0.5 kg | Txheeb xyuas lub nra hnyav tiv thaiv daim ntawv teev npe |
| Kev sau npe | Barcode Label tshuab luam ntawv | Kev hloov pauv cua sov, huab cua - cov ntawv tiv thaiv | Tsim cov ntawv ntim nrog cov xov tooj cua sov, qib, qhov loj, ntau |
Txhua Yam Khoom Muag los ntawm GNEE
| Qeb khoom | Ntsiab UNS Qib | Cu% | Cov ntawv thov siv | Muaj Cov Khoom Muag Khoom |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ntshiab tooj liab | C10100 (OFE), C10200 (OF), C11000 (ETP), C12200 (DHP) | 99.9%+ | Hluav taws xob busbars, grounding, transformer windings, kav kav dej, vov tsev ntawv, tshav kub exchanger fins | Tube, yeeb nkab, ntawv, phaj, bar, busbar, hlau, pas nrig, sawb |
| Brass (Copper{0}}Zinc) | C26000 (Cartridge), C27000 (daj), C28000 (Muntz), C33000 (Low Lead), C33200 (High Lead), C37000, C44300 (Admiralty), C44400, C44500, C45640 (C44400, C44500, C45600), | 60-85% | Cov kav dej fittings, pob li qub, radiator cores, marine hardware, condenser raj, mos txwv casings, hniav trim, fasteners | Tube, yeeb nkab, ntawv, phaj, pas nrig, hex bar, forging, hlau |
| Tooj liab -Nickel (Cupronickel) | C70400, C70600 (90/10), C70620, C7060X, C71000, C71500 (70/30), C71520, C71640, C72200 | 65-90% | Seawater txias tshuab, fais fab nroj tsuag condensers, desalination evaporator raj, shipbuilding piping, offshore platform firewater systems, tshav kub exchangers, hydraulic kab, ntses tawb | Seamless raj, welded raj, seamless yeeb nkab, welded yeeb nkab, U- khoov raj, coiled tubing, ncaj yeeb nkab, phaj, ntawv, puag ncig bar, flanges, BW fittings |
| Phosphor Bronze | C51000, C52100, C52400, C54400 | 90-95% | Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tiv tauj, hluav taws xob hloov pauv, lub hauv siab, corrosion-tiv taus bearings, twj impellers, vuam pas nrig, suab paj nruas hlua | Qws, bar, ntawv, sawb, xaim, raj |
| Aluminium Bronze | C61400, C62300, C63000, C63200, C95400, C95500 | 80-90% | Siab - lub cev lub cev muaj zog, lub twj tso kua mis impellers, marine propellers, landing gear Cheebtsam, cab iav, bushings, hnav daim hlau, downhole cov cuab yeej | Tube, bar, forging, casting, ntawv, phaj, raj |
| Silicon Bronze | C65100, C65500 | 96-98% | Vuam pas nrig, twj tso kua mis shafts, valve stems, marine hardware, fasteners, tshuaj khoom siv | Qws, bar, hlau, ntawv, strip |
| Beryllium tooj liab | C17000, C17200, C17300, C17500 | 96-98% | High-lub zog tsis yog- cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej roj hauv qab, cov yas pwm inserts, vuam electrodes, connectors, springs, diaphragms | Qws, bar, hlau, sawb, casting, ntawv |
| CuNi Cladding / Lined Yeeb Nkab | C70600 / Carbon Steel, C71500 / Carbon Steel | N/A | Corrosion-tiv thaiv hauv ob sab phlu rau seawater piping qhov twg tag nrho cov yeeb nkab yog nqi- txwv tsis pub | Clad yeeb nkab, kab yeeb nkab, bimetallic raj |
