Dab tsi yog C71500 Copper -Nickel Condenser Tube?
C71500 yog 70/30 tooj liab-nickel alloy: kwv yees li 30% npib tsib xee nrog tooj liab raws li qhov sib npaug. Nws tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv siv rau cov dej ua haujlwm hnyav, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov tsheb ciav hlau desalination thiab seawater piping vim nws ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv zaj duab xis txawm tias nyob hauv dej hiav txwv tsis tu ncua. Piv nrog rau 90/10 cupronickel, cov ntsiab lus nickel ntau dua ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntawm lub raj nplaim, ua rau cov denser thiab ntau cov oxide txheej thiab muab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau kev tawm tsam, kev sib tsoo dej hiav txwv dav dav thiab ammonia- ntsig txog kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking. Condenser raj feem ntau yog muab nkag rau hauv qhov annealed O61 temper nrog ib tug huv, pickled los yog maj mam oxidised nto, npaj rau dov rau hauv cov ntawv raj thiab rau U- dabtsi yog khoov.
Chemical Composition thiab Mechanical Properties
Cov hlau yog tswj rau ASTM B111 / B111M chemistry rau seamless condenser thiab kub exchanger raj. Hlau yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua li qhov tsis huv: nws hloov kho cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho kev yaig- corrosion kuj, uas yog vim li cas qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb teeb tsa cov hlau ntau dua li qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Manganese thiab zinc raug tuav kom qis qis kom lawv tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov yeeb yaj kiab - ua tus cwj pwm ntawm qhov chaw.
| Element | Cov ntsiab lus (% los ntawm pawg) | Muaj nuj nqi |
|---|---|---|
| Copper (Cu) | 65.0-71.5 (sib npaug) | Matrix; thermal thiab hluav taws xob conduction |
| Nickel (Ni) | 29.0-33.0 | Corrosion tsis kam; zaj duab xis stability |
| Hlau (Fe) | 0.40-1.00 | Kev yaig-corrosion kuj |
| Manganese (Mn) | max 1.00 Nws | Deoxidation; castability |
| Zinc (Zn) | max 1.00 Nws | Residual txwv |
| Lead (Pb) | 0.05 max | Residual txwv |
| Khoom | Yam tus nqi (annealed tube) |
|---|---|
| Tensile zog | 372-552 MPa (54-80 ksi) |
| Yield zog (0.5% extension) | 138-483 MPa (20-70 ksi) |
| Elongation nyob rau hauv 50 mm | 30-45% |
| Qhov ntom | 8,94g 3 |
| Melting ntau | 1170-1240 C (2140-2260 F) |
| Thermal conductivity ntawm 20 C | Txog 29 W / (mK) |
| Lub ntsiab lus coefficient ntawm thermal expansion | txog 16.2 micro-m/(mK) |
| Modulus ntawm elasticity | 152 GPa (22 x 10^6 psi) |
Vim li cas 30% Nickel Wins hauv Seawater Service
Copper-nickel alloys tiv thaiv dej hiav txwv los ntawm kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide nyias uas tau nce ntxiv nrog npib tsib xee thiab hlau. Nyob rau hauv C71500 cov yeeb yaj kiab no muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua li hauv leaner cupronickels, yog li lub raj ua kom siab dua qhov nrawm, siab dua ntawm cov khoom raug tshem tawm thiab cov xwm txheej hnyav pom nyob rau hauv qhov rov qab los ntawm lub condenser. Cov hlau tseem tiv thaiv chloride pitting thiab crevice nres nyob rau hauv deposits, uas yog hom tsis ua hauj lwm uas feem ntau xaus lub neej ntawm ib tug condenser raj. Vim tias cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim maj mam, thawj lub hlis ntawm kev pabcuam teeb meem: kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm, pom cov dej txias thiab tsis txhob siv lub sijhawm ntev stagnation tag nrho pab lub raj mus txog nws lub neej tsim. Qhov twg chlorination los yog ferrous sulphate dosing yog siv rau biofouling tswj, lub raj nto yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm tus txheej txheem dosing regime es tsis txhob poob siab koob tshuaj uas strips cov zaj duab xis.
Tube Forms, Dimensions thiab Fabrication
Seamless raj yog tsim los ntawm kub extrusion tom qab txias pilgering thiab kos duab nrog nruab nrab anneals; welded raj yog tsim los ntawm sawb thiab ces txias kos mus rau qhov kawg loj. Ob txoj kev yog them los ntawm ASTM cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw, qhov ncaj thiab concentricity yuav tsum ua raws li tus qauv tswj hwm.
Seamless condenser thiab kub exchanger raj: ASTM B111 / B111M, ASME SB111
Seamless tooj liab -nickel yeeb nkab: ASTM B466 / B466M
Welded tooj liab -nickel yeeb nkab thiab raj: ASTM B467 thiab ASTM B359
Phaj thiab daim ntawv rau cov ntawv raj, lub thawv dej thiab baffles: ASTM B171 thiab ASTM B122
European thiab Asian sib npaug: EN 12451, JIS H3300, GB / T 1527 tsev neeg
Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla ntawm 6 hli mus rau 76 hli thiab phab ntsa thickness ntawm li 0.7 hli mus rau 6 hli yog niaj hnub kos; Cov phab ntsa condenser feem ntau yog xaiv los ntawm kwv yees li 0.7 hli thiab 1.6 hli, nrog rau cov phab ntsa hnyav dua xaiv qhov twg xuab zeb yaig, raj -cov ntawv dov npoo los yog rov ua haujlwm xav tau. U- cov leeg khoov yog tsim los ntawm txoj hlua ncaj nraim, khoov mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov xav tau, thiab muab qhov kev ntxhov siab rau kev khoov ntawm qhov khoov kom tshem tawm cov haujlwm txias los ntawm kev khoov. Cov raj tiav yog xa mus kuaj hydrostatically thiab, qhov twg tau teev tseg, eddy -tam sim no sim, nrog flattening, flaring thiab thim rov qab- khoov cov kev sim siv los ua kom pom qhov ductility.
Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv Heavy Duty Condensers thiab Marine Systems
Daim ntawv thov classic yog lub tshuab nqus dej ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab, qhov twg ntau txhiab lub raj yuav tsum muaj sia nyob ntau xyoo ntawm cov dej hiav txwv. Tib yam khoom nqa cov alloy mus rau lwm yam dej hiav txwv dej.
Main thiab auxiliary condensers, feedwater heaters thiab evaporators nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim chaw nres tsheb
Multi-theem flash thiab thim rov qab osmosis desalination cog tshav kub hloov tsheb ciav hlau
Shipboard cua txias- cov dej hauv dej, cov kev pabcuam huv huv thiab cov kab tua hluav taws
Ntsev- cov twj tso kua dej, cov kav dej hiav txwv thiab cov kav dej hydraulic hauv kev pabcuam corrosive
Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tua hluav taws kub pauv tuav cov tshuaj chlorides, thiab qab zib refining evaporators
Vim tias cov alloy tiv taus ammonia- bearing condensates nyob rau hauv vapor qhov chaw, nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv condensers uas pom ammonia nyob rau hauv lub txias nruab nrab los yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav, qhov twg cov leaner cupronickels muaj ntau heev rau kev nyuaj siab corrosion cracking.
Ordering, Standards thiab Quality Control
Kev yuav khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb txheeb xyuas tus lej UNS (C71500), tus qauv tswj hwm thiab npau taws (piv txwv li seamless raj rau ASTM B111 annealed O61), sab nraud txoj kab uas hla thiab phab ntsa tuab nrog kev ua siab ntev, qhov ntev lossis U- khoov kev teeb tsa, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov khoov, lub sijhawm kuaj thiab qhov chaw nyob. Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau hais tias seb eddy - kev sim tam sim no, kev sim hydrostatic thiab kev txwv loj npaum li cas, vim tias cov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog dab tsi cais cov condenser raj los ntawm generic tube. Cov raj yuav tsum tau ntim nrog qhov kawg tiv thaiv, ntim rau hauv hiav txwv thauj thiab khaws cia qhuav; cov yeeb yaj kiab saum npoo uas tiv thaiv cov hlau hauv kev pabcuam yog qhov sib txawv ntau dua yog tias lub raj xa tawm kom huv thiab khaws cia deb ntawm chlorides thiab dej sawv.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Qhov txawv ntawm C70600 thiab C71500 raj rau condensers yog dab tsi?
C70600 yog 90/10 cupronickel thiab C71500 yog 70/30 cupronickel. 30% npib tsib xee alloy raug nqi ntau dua tab sis muaj kev tiv thaiv siab dua rau kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thiab ammonia kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking, yog li nws raug xaiv rau cov dej hiav txwv hnyav dua thiab rau cov condensers uas muaj siab tshaj tawm los yog muaj kev pheej hmoo loj heev fouling.
Q: Tus qauv twg npog C71500 condenser raj?
Seamless raj tau teev tseg rau ASTM B111 / B111M, tau txais raws li ASME SB111, nrog rau kev kub ntxhov O61 ib txwm ua rau kev pabcuam condenser. Seamless yeeb nkab ua raws ASTM B466 / B466M thiab welded yeeb nkab ua raws ASTM B467.
Q: C71500 cov raj puas tuaj yeem ua tau U- khoov?
Yog lawm. Ncaj annealed raj yog khoov rau qhov yuav tsum tau lub vojvoog thiab qhov chaw nyob deb, ces kev ntxhov siab nyem annealed ntawm khoov. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus khoov vojvoog thiab lub sijhawm anneal yuav tsum tau pom zoo ntawm tus tsim condenser thiab lub raj zeb.
Q: Dab tsi phab ntsa thickness yog ib txwm rau seawater condenser?
Feem ntau cov seawater condensers siv raj hauv 0.7 hli mus rau 1.6 hli phab ntsa. Cov phab ntsa tuab yog xaiv qhov twg cov xuab zeb lossis cov xuab zeb yaig yuav tsum tau ua, qhov twg cov raj tau dov rau hauv cov ntawv nyias nyias, lossis qhov chaw retubing yam tsis tau hloov cov ntawv raj yog npaj.
Q: Puas yog C71500 haum rau cov nroj tsuag desalination?
Yog lawm. Cov hlau yog dav siv nyob rau hauv multi-theem flash thiab thim rov qab osmosis tshav kub hloov tsheb ciav hlau, brine rhaub thiab seawater piping vim nws resists chloride nres thiab tswj nws cov yeeb yaj duab nyob rau hauv siab salinity.
Q: Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv zaj duab xis tom qab kev teeb tsa?
Ua kom cov dej hiav txwv ntws, tsis txhob ncua sij hawm nyob twj ywm, ua kom cov dej txias lim kom tsis txhob raug tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem chlorination lossis ferrous sulphate dosing regime. Maj mam, nruam tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tiav lub neej tsim.
