C70600 tooj liab nickel raj tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
C70600 muaj 88% tooj liab yam tsawg kawg nkaus, 9-11% nickel, 1.0-1.8% hlau, thiab 1.0% siab tshaj manganese.Nickel muab kev tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov hlau pab tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide tiv thaiv hauv dej hiav txwv.
| Element | Feem pua (%) | Lub luag haujlwm hauv cov hlau |
|---|---|---|
| Copper (Cu) | Tseem tshuav (88.0% min) | Base hlau |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9.0 – 11.0 | Corrosion kuj |
| Hlau (Fe) | 1.0 – 1.8 | Zaj duab xis tsim |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.0 max | Deoxidizer |
| Lead (Pb) | 0.02 max | Tsis txhob txhob txwm ntxiv |
| Zinc (Zn) | 0.5 max | Tramp element |
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.05 max | Tramp element |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.02 max | Cov seem |
C70600 txhua yam khoom
C70600 raj nyob rau hauv annealed temper muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog ntawm 310 MPa, yield zog ntawm 110 MPa, thiab elongation ntawm 30%.Cov lej no qhia koj tias lub raj muaj zog npaum li cas.
| Khoom | Kev kho mob (O60) | Lub teeb kos (H55) | Cov khoom siv (H80) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile zog (min) | 310 MPa | 345 MPa rau | 380 MPa rau |
| Yield zog (min) | 110 MPa | 200 MPa | 280 MPa |
| Elongation (50 hli) | 30% | 15% | 8% |
| Hardness (Rockwell HRB) | 40-80 | 70-85 | 80-90 |
Yam temper xaiv:
Kev kho mob (O60)- Feem ntau. Yooj yim rau khoov, flare, thiab yob rau hauv cov ntawv raj.
Lub teeb kos (H55)- Lub zog nruab nrab. Siv thaum lub raj xav tau qee qhov nruj.
Cov khoom siv (H80)- Tsis tshua siv. Yooj yim rau daim ntawv. Tsuas yog rau kev khiav ncaj tsis muaj dabtsi yog khoov.
Rau 95% ntawm tshav kub exchanger thiab condenser daim ntaub ntawv, xaj annealed (O60) C70600 raj. Tsis txhob yuam kom rub tawm tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj qhov laj thawj tshwj xeeb.
C70600 lub cev muaj zog
| Khoom | Tus nqi | Chav tsev |
|---|---|---|
| Qhov ntom | 8.94 | g/cm³ |
| Melting point ntau | 1100-1150 | degree |
| Thermal conductivity (20 degree) | 45 | W/m·K |
| Hluav taws xob tiv taus (20 degree) | 0.19 | µΩ·m |
| Tshwj xeeb kub muaj peev xwm | 377 | J/kg · K |
| Coefficient ntawm thermal expansion (20-300 degree) | 17.0 | µm/m·K |
| Modulus ntawm elasticity | 140 | GPa |
| Poisson tus ratio | 0.34 | - |
Dab tsi ASTM specifications npog C70600 raj?
C70600 raj yog them los ntawm ntau yam ASTM tus qauv nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov. ASTM B111 yog feem ntau siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov condensers.
| Txuj | Title | Hom kev siv |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B111 | Seamless tooj liab alloy raj rau cua sov exchangers thiab condensers | Kub exchangers, condensers, evaporators |
| ASTM B 466 Cov khoom siv | Seamless tooj liab nickel yeeb nkab rau cov kav dej dav dav | Seawater piping systems |
| ASTM B 467 Cov khoom siv | Welded tooj liab nickel yeeb nkab | Loj txoj kab uas hla welded yeeb nkab |
| ASTM B 552 Cov khoom lag luam | Seamless thiab welded tooj liab nickel raj rau kev pabcuam dav dav | General kev lag luam |
| ASTM B 608 Cov khoom lag luam | Welded tooj liab nickel raj rau tshav kub exchangers | Kub exchangers (welded) |
| MIL-T-16420 | Tub rog specification rau tooj liab nickel raj | Naval applications |
Dab tsi yog cov khoom seem ntawm C70600 raj hauv qab ASTM B111?
ASTM B111 C70600 raj yog muaj los ntawm 6.35mm txog 76.2mm OD nrog phab ntsa thicknesses ntawm BWG 22 (0.71mm) rau BWG 10 (3.40mm).Tolerance yog nruj vim cov raj yuav tsum haum rau hauv cov ntawv raj.
Qhov loj me:
| OD (inch) | OD (mm) | Common BWG | Phab ntsa (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1/4" | 6.35 | BWG 20, 18 | 0.89, 1.24 |
| 3/8" | 9.53 | BWG 20, 18 | 0.89, 1.24 |
| 1/2" | 12.70 | BWG 18, 16 | 1.24, 1.65 |
| 5/8" | 15.88 | BWG 18, 16 | 1.24, 1.65 |
| 3/4" | 19.05 | BWG 18, 16 | 1.24, 1.65 |
| 7/8" | 22.23 | BWG 18, 16 | 1.24, 1.65 |
| 1" | 25.40 | BWG 18, 16, 14 | 1.24, 1.65, 2.11 |
| 1-1/4" | 31.75 | BWG 16, 14 | 1.65, 2.11 |
| 1-1/2" | 38.10 | BWG 16, 14 | 1.65, 2.11 |
| 2" | 50.80 | BWG 14, 12 | 2.11, 2.77 |
Tolerances (rau 1 "OD thiab me dua):
OD kam rau ua: ± 0.004 nti (± 0.10mm)
Phab ntsa kam rau ua: ± 10% ntawm nominal
Length kam rau ua: +6mm / -0mm rau kev txiav ntev hauv qab 6m
Dab tsi yog qhov corrosion ntawm C70600 hauv dej hiav txwv?
C70600 muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm corrosion ntawm 0.025 hli / xyoo lossis tsawg dua hauv cov dej ntws huv huv.Qhov no txhais tau hais tias 1.24mm phab ntsa BWG 18 tube muaj lub neej theoretical ntawm 40-50 xyoo los ntawm kev xeb ib leeg.
Corrosion npaum li cas:
| Qhov xwm txheej | Corrosion tus nqi (mm / xyoo) | Txais tau? |
|---|---|---|
| Cov dej hiav txwv huv huv,<2.5 m/s, <60°C | 0.020-0.025 | Yog lawm |
| Dej hiav txwv | 0.005-0.010 (tab sis pitting txaus ntshai) | Nrog ceev faj |
| Kev nrawm nrawm (2.5-3.5 m / s) | 0.050-0.100 | Impingement txaus ntshai |
| Sulfide polluted dej hiav txwv | 0.200+ | Tsis muaj |
| Dej tshiab | <0.010 | Yog lawm |
Corrosion hom kom paub:
Uniform corrosion- Yooj yim, kwv yees. Tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb rau lub neej ib txwm muaj.
Kev tiv thaiv corrosion- Ceev ceev, localized ntawm inlets. Ua rau lub siab ceev.
Pitting corrosion- tshwm sim nyob rau hauv stagnant los yog sulfide polluted dej.
Galvanic corrosion kuj– Tsis tshua muaj. C70600 noble tab sis tuaj yeem corrode yog ua ke nrog cov hlau tsis tshua muaj suab npe.
Dab tsi yog fabrication zog ntawm C70600?
C70600 raj yog yooj yim khoov, flare, thiab weld nyob rau hauv lub annealed temper. Hard drawn temper yog nyuaj rau tsim.Ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb fabrication txwv.
Khoov:
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus khoov vojvoog rau cov raj annealed: 2-3 x OD
Siv mandrel khoov rau nruj radii
Hard drawn tube: tsawg kawg nkaus lub vojvoog 5-6 x OD, los yog anneal ua ntej
Flaring:
30℃flare yog tus qauv rau annealed raj
Yuav flare rau 45℃nrog cov txheej txheem zoo
Hard drawn tube: flare ua ntej annealing, los yog tsis tag nrho
Vuam:
TIG thiab MIG ob leeg ua haujlwm
Filler hlau: ERCuNi
Tsis xav tau preheat rau nyias phab ntsa
Backing gas pom zoo rau hauv paus pass
Xov xov:
Tsis pom zoo rau nyias phab ntsa B111 raj
Siv B466 Teem caij 40 yeeb nkab yog xav tau threads
Order annealed C70600 tube yog tias koj xav tau khoov, flare, lossis dov rau hauv cov ntawv raj. Kev txiav txim siab kos tsuas yog rau cov ntawv ncaj nraim, tsis yog tsim.
FAQ
Q1: Qhov txawv ntawm C70600 thiab C71500 yog dab tsi?
C71500 muaj zog dua thiab zoo dua yaig kuj tab sis qis thermal conductivity.C71500 tensile lub zog yog 450 MPa vs 310 MPa rau C70600. Hardness yog 75-90 HRB vs 40-80 HRB. Thermal conductivity yog 40 W / m·K vs 45 W / m·K. C71500 muaj 70% tooj liab thiab 30% npib tsib xee. C70600 muaj 90% tooj liab thiab 10% npib tsib xee. Xaiv C70600 rau kev pabcuam ib txwm muaj. Xaiv C71500 rau siab tshaj tawm lossis kub siab.
Q2: Dab tsi yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub rau C70600 raj hauv dej hiav txwv?
60℃(140℃F) yog qhov pom zoo tshaj plaws rau kev pabcuam dej hiav txwv txuas ntxiv.Saum toj no kub, corrosion tus nqi nce sharply. Ntawm 80 degree, corrosion tus nqi yuav yog 10-20 npaug siab dua ntawm 30 degree. Rau cov dej hiav txwv siab tshaj 60 degree, xav txog C71500 lossis titanium. Rau cov ntawv thov uas tsis yog dej hiav txwv, C70600 tuaj yeem siab dua tab sis lub zog qis dua.
Q3: Puas yog C70600 sib nqus?
Tsis yog, C70600 tsis yog hlau nplaum.Copper nickel alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee hauv qab 30% yog non-magnetic. C70600 tsuas muaj 9-11% npib tsib xee, zoo hauv qab qhov pib rau kev coj cwj pwm sib nqus. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov nyob ze rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib nqus lossis cov khoom sib nqus sib nqus.
Q4: Dab tsi yog qhov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm C70600 piv rau cov tooj liab ntshiab?
C70600 muaj li 5-6% ntawm cov hluav taws xob conductivity ntawm tooj liab ntshiab.Ntshiab tooj liab (C11000) muaj 101% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard). C70600 muaj li 5-6% IACS. Qhov no yog vim li cas C70600 yeej tsis siv rau kev siv hluav taws xob. Nws yog txhua yam thiab corrosion alloy, tsis yog hluav taws xob.
Q5: C70600 puas tuaj yeem kho cua sov kom muaj zog dua?
Tsis yog, C70600 tsis tuaj yeem kho cua sov. Lub zog tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias.Tsis zoo li cov hlau, tooj liab nickel alloys tsis teb rau kev kho cua sov. Koj tsis tuaj yeem quench thiab temper C70600. Tib txoj kev los ua kom muaj zog yog qhov txias txias (ua haujlwm tawv). Annealing softens lub raj rov qab mus rau O60 temper.
Q6: Lub zog qaug zog ntawm C70600 yog dab tsi?
Kev qaug zog ntawm C70600 yog kwv yees li 100-120 MPa rau 10⁸ cycles.Qhov no yog rau cov khoom siv annealed. Teeb duab ua rau kom qaug zog me ntsis. Rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj kev vibration lossis cyclic siab, tsim kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum nyob qis qis qis qis. Cov ntaub ntawv qaug zog tag nrho yog muaj los ntawm Copper Development Association.
Q7: Puas yog C70600 xav tau kev ntsuas kev ntxhov siab corrosion?
Tsis yog, C70600 tsis raug rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg hauv cov dej hiav txwv ib txwm muaj.Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ammonia lossis sulfur, yuav tsum tau ceev faj. Rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov marine thiab fais fab nroj tsuag, kev ntxhov siab corrosion tsis yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo dua cov hlau tsis muaj steel, uas tuaj yeem tawg hauv qhov chaw chloride.
Q8: Dab tsi yog qhov creep kuj ntawm C70600 ntawm qhov kub siab?
C70600 muaj nruab nrab creep tsis kam mus txog 300 degree.Tshaj 300 degree, creep ua qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa. Rau feem ntau cov kev siv hluav taws xob sib pauv (hauv qab 200 degree), kev nkag tsis yog qhov tsim nyog. Rau cov txheej txheem kub kub exchangers, sab laj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws creep cov ntaub ntawv los yog hloov mus rau ib tug sib txawv alloy.
Q9: C70600 puas tuaj yeem siv rau kev pabcuam cryogenic (tsis tshua muaj kub)?
Yog lawm, C70600 tswj cov ductility zoo heev mus rau qhov kub thiab txias (-200 degree).Tsis zoo li cov pa roj carbon steel, uas dhau los ua nkig ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tooj liab alloys khaws cov toughness. C70600 tau siv nyob rau hauv liquefied natural gas (LNG) thiab kua nitrogen siv. Tsis muaj ductile rau brittle hloov tshwm sim.
Q10: Dab tsi yog qhov ua tiav ntawm ASTM B111 C70600 raj?
Cov txheej txheem saum npoo tiav yog annealed thiab pickled, nrog oxide-dawb sab nrauv thiab sab hauv.Internal nto yuav tsum huv si rau cov cua kub exchangers. Tsis muaj roj, tsis muaj nplai, tsis muaj khib nyiab. Qee lub mills kuj muaj polished sab nrauv lossis epoxy txheej raws li kev xaiv. Rau feem ntau cov kev siv hluav taws kub exchanger, txheem pickled tiav yog txaus.
Q11: C70600 piv rau 316L stainless hlau li cas hauv cov khoom siv tshuab?
C70600 muaj lub zog qis dua tab sis siab dua ductility dua li 316L stainless hlau.316L tensile zog yog hais txog 485 MPa vs 310 MPa rau C70600. Txawm li cas los xij, 316L elongation yog 40% vs 30% rau C70600. Qhov sib txawv loj dua yog nyob rau hauv seawater corrosion: 316L pits. C70600 tsis. Hauv dej tshiab, ob qho tib si ua haujlwm. Hauv dej hiav txwv, xaiv C70600.
Q12: Dab tsi yog qhov thermal expansion coefficient ntawm C70600 thiab yog vim li cas nws tseem ceeb?
C70600 thermal expansion yog 17.0 µm / m·K (20-300 degree).Qhov no yog siab tshaj carbon steel (12 µm / m·K) tab sis qis dua ntau cov yas. Thaum vuam C70600 raj rau cov ntawv carbon steel raj, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev nthuav dav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Tsim rau qhov sib txawv no. Preheating ob qho khoom ua ntej vuam yuav pab txo qis kev ntxhov siab.
Peb Kev Xeem
Txhua lub raj batch mus dhau 5 daim tshev ua ntej xa khoom:
Chemistry→ Spectrometer lees paub Ni 9-11%, Fe 1.0-1.8% (ASTM E1473)
Lub zog→ Rub mus kuaj kom txog thaum tawg. Yuav tsum ntaus 310 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus (ASTM E8)
Tsis haum→ Eddy tam sim no sojntsuam khiav los ntawm txhua lub raj. Txhua lub teeb liab=tsis lees paub (ASTM E243)
Ductility→ Flatten lub nplhaib rau 3x phab ntsa. Tsis pub muaj kab nrib pleb (ASTM B968)
Leaks→ Hydrostatic siab 3000 psi, tuav rau 10 vib nas this (ASTM B111)
Koj tau txais Daim Ntawv Tshaj Qhia Mill Test nrog txhua qhov kev txiav txim. Kev tshuaj xyuas thib peb (SGS, BV, Lloyds) muaj.
Peb Ntim
Cov kaus mom yas ntawm ob qhov kawg
VCI daim ntawv nruab nrab ntawm lub raj txheej
Shrink qhwv ib ncig ntawm txhua pob
Steel strapping kom ruaj ntseg pob
Ntoo rooj plaub rau me me txiav lengths los yog fragile ntau thiab tsawg
Hlau pob + ntoo pallet rau 6-12m txheem raj
Waterproof daim ntawv lo nrog qib, OD, phab ntsa, cua sov tooj, kom muaj nuj nqis
Peb Lub Hoobkas Khoom
Los ntawm raw khoom mus rau lub raj tiav hauv ib tsob nroj:
Melting(3 lub cub tawg, 5 tons txhua) → hloov tooj liab + npib tsib xee + hlau ua kua alloy
Casting(2 kab) → pours kua rau hauv cov khoom billet, 80-220mm txoj kab uas hla
Extrusion(3500 tuj xovxwm) → punches billet rau hauv hollow raj plhaub
Txias daim duab(8 lub rooj zaum) → rub lub plhaub los ntawm qhov tuag kom ntsws OD thiab phab ntsa
Annealing(4 lub qhov cub) → heats tube mus rau 600℃kom muag muag tom qab kos duab
Straightening & txiav(3 kab) → ua lub raj ncaj thiab txiav kom ntev
Kev sim(2 eddy tam sim no tshuab) → 100% tshuaj xyuas
Peb Cov Khoom Muag
| Qeb | Cov duab | Qhov ntau thiab tsawg | Cov qhab nia |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lub raj tooj liab | Round, square, rectangular, pancake coil, puab grooved | OD 3-219mm, phab ntsa 0.3-10mm | C11000, C12200, C70600, C71500, C26000 |
| Tooj liab | Hloov, hex, square | Dia 2-120mm | C11000, C36000, C14500, C18200 |
| tooj liab | Round, tiaj, tinned | Dia 0.1-12mm | C11000, C16200, C17200 |
| tooj liab strip | Coiled, txiav | Thk 0.05-3mm, dav 5-400mm | C11000, C19400, C70250 |
| tooj liab ntawv ci | nyias nyias | 0.01-0.1 hli | C11000, C10200 |
| CNC machined qhov chaw | Bushings, flanges, fittings, txiv ntseej | Kev cai kos duab | C36000, C63000, C70600 |
