C19040 yog tin -cov kabmob siab- tooj liab alloy. Nyob rau hauv qib no tin yog lub ntsiab alloying ntxiv, txhawb los ntawm ib tug me me phosphorus cov ntsiab lus uas deoxidises lub yaj, yog li cov khoom zaum nyob rau hauv tib lub metallurgical tsev neeg raws li qhov tsawg -tin tooj liab-tin alloys siv rau hluav taws xob thiab tshav kub- pauv dej num. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tin yog ncaj nraim: nws tsa lub zog, hardness thiab tsis kam mus softening yam tsis muaj qhov hnyav poob ntawm conductivity uas los ntawm loj alloying ntxiv.
Qhov twg Tin-Copper Alloys zaum hauv tsev neeg tooj liab
Copper alloys tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm ntau npaum li cas conductivity tus neeg siv tau npaj ua lag luam rau lub zog. Ntawm qhov kawg yog cov pa oxygen-dawb thiab deoxidised tooj liab, uas muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab lub zog tsawg tshaj plaws. Ntawm qhov kawg yog cov phosphor bronzes, qhov twg ob peb feem pua ntawm cov tin ntxiv rau phosphorus muab lub zog siab thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav zoo heev ntawm qhov qis dua. Tin- bearing siab- tooj liab alloys nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm ob: txaus tin los ua qhov sib txawv tiag tiag rau lub zog thiab softening tus cwj pwm, tab sis tsis ntau npaum li ntawd conductivity ua ib qho teeb meem.
Txoj hauj lwm ntawd piav qhia txog cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm qib. Nws tau teev nyob rau qhov twg cov khoom siv yuav tsum nqa tam sim no lossis hloov cov cua sov thiab tseem tuav nws cov duab, khaws kev sib cuag quab yuam thiab tiv thaiv kev hnav lossis corrosion me me, uas yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, kev sib cuag springs, hloov qhov chaw thiab cov cua sov- pauv cov khoom.
Yuav ua li cas Tin hloov tus cwj pwm ntawm tooj liab
Khoom- kev daws teeb meem: tin dissolves nyob rau hauv tooj liab matrix thiab distors lub lattice, yog li tensile lub zog, yield zog thiab hardness tag nrho sawv cev piv nrog dawb tooj liab. Cov nyhuv nce thaum cov ntsiab lus tin nce.
Softening kuj: vim hais tias cov kua qaub nce qhov kub ntawm recrystallisation, tin - tooj liab qhov chaw khaws cia ntau dua ntawm lawv lub zog tom qab soldering, brazing los yog elevated - qhov kev pab kub tshaj li ETP tooj liab ua.
Conductivity: yaj tin scatters electrons, yog li hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity poob zuj zus raws li tin nce. Qhov kev lag luam no- tawm yog qhov kev txiav txim siab tsim qauv rau qib.
Corrosion thiab tarnish tus cwj pwm: tin txhim kho kev tiv thaiv rau atmospheric tarnish, dej tshiab thiab me aggressive industrial atmospheres, thiab nws yog vim li cas tin - bearing tooj liab tshwm nyob rau hauv marine thiab architectural hardware.
Hardening mechanism: tsis muaj nag lossis daus tshwm sim los siv. Lub zog yog tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias, nrog rau nruab nrab annealing siv los kho ductility ntawm kev tsim cov kauj ruam.
Composition Control thiab cov qauv uas tswj nws
Cov ntsiab lus alloying yog tswj tsis pub dhau qhov txwv los ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas siv rau hauv daim ntawv uas tau muab, thiab tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li tus qauv es tsis yog cov lus piav qhia qib nominal.
| Element | Muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub alloy | Nws tswj tau li cas |
|---|---|---|
| Tooj | Matrix; nqa tam sim no thiab cua sov | Qhia raws li qhov sib npaug lossis raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus purity |
| Tin | Tus thawj xib fwb txhawb zog; nce hardness thiab softening kuj | Ntau yam kho los ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau qib |
| Phosphorus | Deoxidizer; pab txhawb ntxiv | Nqaim ntau los tiv thaiv conductivity thiab kub workability |
| Cov impurities (Fe, Pb, Zn, thiab lwm yam) | Tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua li qib kab | Ib leeg txwv los ntawm tus qauv |
| Yam khoom | Hom qauv | Sau ntawv |
|---|---|---|
| Phaj, ntawv, strip | ASTM B103/B103M | Tooj-tin alloy phaj, ntawv, sawb thiab dov bar |
| Qws, bar thiab duab | ASTM B139/B139M | Qws thiab bar rau machining thiab sib sau |
| Nruam castings | ASTM B505/B505M | Copper-base alloy nruam castings |
| Suav qib | GB/T 5231 | Cov npe, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab impurity txwv |
| European pas nrig thiab bar | EN 12163, EN 12164, EN 12167 | Lub hom phiaj dav dav, pub dawb-machining thiab profile pas nrig thiab bar |
| Japanese pas nrig thiab bar | JIS H3250 | Copper thiab tooj liab alloy rods thiab tuav |
Tempers thiab Yuav Ua Li Cas Cov Ntaub Ntawv Khoom Yuav Tsum Nyeem
Cov khoom xa tuaj nyob ntawm kev kub ntxhov ntau dua li ntawm qib. Mos lossis annealed khoom (O60) muab lub zog qis tshaj plaws nrog qhov siab tshaj plaws elongation thiab formability; ib nrab- nyuaj (H02) thiab nyuaj (H04, H08) cov xwm txheej nce qib nce tensile zog, tawm lub zog thiab hardness thaum txo elongation. Rau ib qho kev yuav khoom, peb qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab coj los ua ke ua ntej cov khoom tuaj yeem txiav txim siab: cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tawm tsam tus qauv, tus qauv temper, thiab cov khoom siv tshuab tau lees paub rau qhov kev kub ntxhov thiab cov khoom lag luam. Ib daim duab hardness ib leeg, tsis muaj npau taws, tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Kev tsim, tsim thiab koom ua ke
Txias ua hauj lwm: sawb, ntawv thiab hlau yog dov los yog kos nrog intermediate annealing. Tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias ntawm anneals txiav txim siab qhov kev npau taws kawg, yog li lub sijhawm teem los ntawm cov khoom xav tau es tsis yog los ntawm kev yooj yim.
Annealing: vim hais tias tin nce qhov kub ntawm recrystallisation, annealing kub thiab sij hawm yuav tsum tau xaiv rau qhov tseeb tin cov ntsiab lus thiab tus nqi ntawm txias ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv seem. Hauv qab -annealing tawm cov khoom nyuaj heev rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej, thiab tshaj -annealing ua rau lub siab npau taws.
Machining: cov tshuab qib zoo tsim nyog; ntse tooling thiab zoo rake txo kev ua hauj lwm hardening ntawm qhov chaw, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ua raws li nram no.
Soldering thiab brazing: cov no yog cov txheej txheem kev sib koom ua ke thiab tau txais kev txhawb nqa zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim cov hlau tuav lub zog tom qab kev sib koom ua ke.
Vuam: tooj liab lub siab thermal conductivity txhais tau hais tias fusion vuam xav tau cov cua kub siab thiab ua tib zoo npaj ua ke, thiab cov cua sov- cuam tshuam thaj tsam poob ib feem ntawm nws qhov txias - ua haujlwm lub zog. Qhov twg welded sib dhos yuav tsum tau, tus tsim yuav tsum tso cai rau lub zos softening.
Nto xov: cov khoom feem ntau yog muab ci, thiab lub ntuj tarnish tsis kam ntawm tin -cov kabmob tooj liab ua kom zoo li ruaj khov hauv kev pabcuam sab hauv.
Daim ntawv thov
Kev siv ib txwm muaj xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom sib txuas, cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv, fuse clips thiab tam sim no - nqa khoom kho vajtse, condenser thiab cua sov- cov khoom sib txuas, gaskets thiab sealing rings, fasteners thiab general hardware, thiab marine los yog architectural fittings uas xav tau ntau tshaj li tarnish thiab corrosion kuj.
Kev taw qhia kev xaiv thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas
Xaiv tsev neeg no thaum lub zog me ntsis nce ntau dua tooj liab yuav tsum tau txais yam tsis muaj kev nplua loj. Qhov twg conductivity yog qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau, cov tooj liab- hlau-phosphorus alloys yog txoj kev zoo dua; qhov twg lub zog thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tus cwj pwm tswj hwm, siab dua -tin phosphor bronzes yog siv; qhov twg machinability dominates, ib tug dawb- txiav tooj dag los yog tellurium tooj liab yog kev lag luam ntau dua.
Tshawb xyuas cov tin thiab phosphorus cov ntsiab lus los ntawm kev tsom xam spectrometric, txij li ob lub ntsiab lus txiav txim siab lub zog, kev coj ua thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm ua ke.
Tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv kho tshuab rau qhov kev txiav txim siab, siv qhov ntsuas tensile thiab kev soj ntsuam qhov tawv tawv hla ntu es tsis yog ib qho kev nyeem saum npoo.
Paub meej tias qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws xob los ntawm kev ntsuas kev ntsuas qhov twg yog qhov muaj tam sim no, thiab tshuaj xyuas cov hlua khi thiab daim ntawv rau ntug kev mob, flatness thiab defects saum npoo ua ntej tsim.
Qhia qhov npau taws, qhov ntev thiab tus qauv ntawm qhov kev yuav khoom kom daim ntawv pov thawj zeb tuaj yeem kuaj kab los ntawm kab.
FAQ
Q: Puas yog C19040 yog tooj liab lossis tooj liab alloy?
Nws yog siab - tooj liab alloy nyob rau hauv uas tin yog qhov tseem ceeb alloying ntxiv. Nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus tin, cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau tau piav qhia txog kev lag luam xws li tin tooj liab lossis, ntawm qib siab dua tin, xws li phosphor bronze; qhov kev tswj xyuas yog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom siv raws li tus qauv.
Q: Puas yog tin - tooj liab alloy harden los ntawm kev kho cua sov?
Tsis yog. Lub zog yog tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txias thiab tuaj yeem so los ntawm annealing. Tsis muaj nag lossis daus- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnyav piv nrog cov beryllium tooj liab lossis tooj liab- hlau-phosphorus alloys.
Q: Yuav ua li cas tin cuam tshuam conductivity?
Dissolved tin txo cov hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity zuj zus, yog li cov qib yuav tsum tau xaiv ntawm qhov qis tshaj plaws tin qib uas tseem xa tau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog thiab softening kuj.
Q: Dab tsi temper yuav tsum tau teev rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav qhov chaw?
Cov kev sib cuag thiab cov springs feem ntau raug txiav txim hauv qhov txias - ua haujlwm kub xws li H02, H04 lossis H08, xaiv raws li lub vojvoog dabtsi yog khoov, tiv tauj lub zog thiab kev tsim ntawm tus qauv tsim.
Q: Yuav ua li cas cov khoom yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ntawm daim ntawv txais nyiaj?
Tshawb xyuas daim ntawv pov thawj zeb tiv thaiv tus qauv, paub meej tias chemistry los ntawm spectrometry ntawm cov qauv cua sov, txheeb xyuas qhov tensile thiab hardness qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov kub thiab txias, thiab ntsuas qhov conductivity thaum cov khoom nqa tam sim no.
Q: Vim li cas annealing yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau qib?
Tin nce qhov kub ntawm recrystallisation, yog li lub sij hawm uas haum rau cov tooj liab ntshiab yuav nyob rau hauv -anneal ib tin- bearing alloy. Kub thiab lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau teem rau cov ntsiab lus tin thiab txias- qib ua haujlwm kom tau txais cov kauj ruam tom ntej kom ntseeg tau.
